Political, socio-cultural and economic organization of the Twa and Teke (Boma) in the plateaux department in the Republic of Congo: case of the Ngo district from 1960 to 2013
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v2i11.187Keywords:
Political organization, Sociocultural, Twa, Teke, Ngo districtAbstract
In Africa as everywhere else, African societies have known several forms of organization that can be found in Central Africa in the Kongo, Loango and Teke kingdoms. This form of organization is also found in the plateau department and more precisely in the region of Ngo where the Bantu and Tswa have lived since time immemorial. Benefiting from several privileges, gradually becoming lord of the land, although occupying space after the Tswa, the Bantu exert a far-reaching influence and domination over the tswa to the point of considering and transforming them as sub-men. The relations between these two peoples are generally to the advantage of the Bantu. In the region of Ngo, the twa and Teke knew a political, socio-cultural and economic organization which was at the base of their civilization. This study tries to show the influence of this multidimensional organization of these two groups which continue to coexist to this day, particularly from 1960 to 2013.
References
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications. Google Scholar
De Coster, J., & O’Dubhghaill, S. (2016). Benda Bilili–‘look beyond the images’: representations and visual narratives of disability in Kinshasa. Disability & Society, 31(2), 252–269. Google Scholar
De Schryver, G.-M., Grollemund, R., Branford, S., & Bostoen, K. (2015). Introducing a state-of-the-art phylogenetic classification of the Kikongo Language Cluster. Africana Linguistica, 21, 87–162. Google Scholar
Dounias, E., Oishi, T., Cogels, S., Mbida, S. M., Carrière, S., Gallois, S., … McKey, D. (n.d.). Inland traditional capture fisheries in the Congo Basin. Google Scholar
Frederick, K., & van Nederveen Meerkerk, E. (2022). From Temporary Urbanites to Permanent City Dwellers?: Rural-Urban Labor Migration in Colonial Southern Rhodesia and the Belgian Congo. In Migration in Africa (pp. 256–280). Routledge. Google Scholar
George, K. (2010). The role of traditional leadership in governance and rural development: A case study of the Mgwalana Traditional Authority. Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters in Development Studies, Faculty of Business and Economic Science at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Google Scholar
Hall, S. (2017). Familiar stranger: A life between two islands. Duke University Press. Google Scholar
Ki-Zerbo, J. (n.d.). Conclusion: from nature in the raw to liberated humanity. General History Of Africa!, 730. Google Scholar
Moleong, L. J. (2021). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif. PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Google Scholar
Mumpande, I. (2020). The Revitalisation of Ethnic Minority Languages in Zimbabwe: The Case of the Tonga Language. MA Diss., University of South Africa. Http://Hdl. Handle. Net/10500/26766. Google Scholar
Mviri, G. (2020). The relationship between the pygmies and Bantu in the 1960 Ngo from country to 2013.
Obenga, T. (2004). Egypt: Ancient history of African philosophy. A Companion to African Philosophy, 28, 31–49. Google Scholar
Paluck, E. L. (2009). Methods and ethics with research teams and NGOs: Comparing experiences across the border of Rwanda and Democratic Republic of Congo. In Surviving Field Research (pp. 50–68). Routledge. Google Scholar
Sacré-Cœur, W. F. (2020). African secret societies, ed grembo.
Schapera, I., & Comaroff, J. L. (2015). The Tswana. Routledge. Google Scholar
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Hilaire Kevin Nzoussi, Dominique Oba
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.