Legal Study of Null Verdicts in the Context of Narcotics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v6i6.1439Keywords:
Zero Verdict, Legal Certainty, Criminal Code 2023Abstract
A court verdict is a statement issued by a judge in an open hearing, which is a guilty verdict, acquittal, acquittal, legal pardon, or an order to commit certain actions. These types of decisions or verdicts are regulated in Articles 65 and 66 of the 2023 Criminal Code. A null verdict or verdict is not explicitly contained in any law, so it is questionable about its legal certainty. This study aims to analyze judges' considerations in null verdicts to achieve legal certainty and analyze null verdicts based on the 2023 Criminal Code. The method applied was normative juridical by utilizing primary and secondary data as well as legal material triangulation validation techniques. The results of this study are that the decision is null and void starting from the judge's interpretation in interpreting article 67 of the Criminal Code, which if in the 2023 Criminal Code is in article 129. However, legal reform and harmonization need to be carried out to build more substantive legal certainty because it will have implications for legal systematics.
References
Anwar, A., Suhartono, S., Mangesti, Y. A., & Setyorini, E. H. (2025). The concept of judge’s forgiveness (rechterlijk pardon) in the national criminal law code. DiH: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 183–208.
Azad, A. (2019). Recruitment of migrant workers in Bangladesh: Elements of human trafficking for labor exploitation. Journal of Human Trafficking, 5(2), 130–150.
Bayu Prasetyo, R. R., et al. (2021). Argumentasi hukum terhadap perimbangan hakim dalam putusan perkara sengketa kepegawaian. Ratio Decidendi, 7, 473–486. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1q69vhw
Budhiartha, I. D. G. A., & I. N. P. (2018). Teori-teori hukum. Setara Press.
Danil, Y. F., Sintusa, A. F., & Aji, T. B. (2022). Law enforcement in the eradication of criminal acts in children and youth generations. Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 22(1), 168–186.
Hreno, T. (2025). Jury nullification, verdictal asymmetry, and the ultimate logic of anarchy.
Hulaimi, H., Laia, L., & Anas, K. A. (2022). Crimination of criminal acts of khamar and drugs in Islamic criminal law compared to Indonesian positive criminal law. International Journal of Law, 1(1), 11–20.
Ilhami, M. W., Nurfajriani, W. V., Mahendra, A., Sirodj, R. A., & Afghani, M. W. (2014). Triangulasi data dalam analisis data kualitatif. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 10(September), 826–833.
Jackson, E., Curley, L., Leverick, F., & Lages, M. (2025). The effect of verdict system on juror decisions: A quantitative meta-analysis. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 32(1), 23–41.
Julyano, M., & Sulistyawan, A. Y. (2019). Pemahaman terhadap asas kepastian hukum melalui konstruksi penalaran positivisme hukum. Jurnal Crepido, 1, 13–22.
Kreitner, R. (2021). Speculations of contract, or how contract law stopped worrying and learned to love risk. In Governing risks (pp. 439–481). Routledge.
Laksana, A. W., Musofiana, I., Sulchan, A., Osman, A. K., & Sanni, T. (2025). The disparities in punishment for narcotic addiction: Does it reflect the value of justice? Jurnal Media Hukum, 32(1), 134–150.
Lubis, T. H., & Ramadhani, R. (2021). The legal strength of the deed of power to sell as the basis for transfer of land rights. International Journal Reglement & Society (IJRS), 2(3), 149–160.
Nurul Aini, A. R. M. S., Wiguna, R., Fajri, R., & S. (2026). Metode penafsiran dalam penemuan hukum oleh hakim di Indonesia. Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum, 1634–1643.
Octarina, N. F., Alfath, T. P., & Ulfa, A. (2020). Criminal responsibility of business agents on selebgram’s (celebrity endorsers) product promotion. Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan, 8(2).
Siregar, F., & Hasibuan, S. A. (2023). Effectiveness of criminal sanctions against perpetrators of narcotics crime. Lead Journal of Economy and Administration, 2(2), 81–90.
Sukmawan, Y. A. Y. A. S. (2025). Metode penelitian hukum normatif dan empiris sebagai strategi penguatan perspektif kajian ilmu hukum. NoLaj, 4(1), 114–128.
Sutrisno, E. (2015). Tracing the performance of law in Indonesia: A perspective of Thomas Kuhn’s “normal science.” Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization, 37, 126–136.
Suyanto. (2018). Hukum acara pidana.
Wibowo, K. T., Soraya, J., Kartono, K., Rasiwan, H. I., Kristanto, K., & Juita, S. R. (2025). Tindak pidana narkotika. Adikara Cipta Aksa.
Yanuarto, Rato, & Anggono. (2023). Putusan nihil ditinjau melalui perspektif teori kepastian hukum. Jurnal Preferensi Hukum, 4, 444–453. https://doi.org/10.55637/jph.4.3.8377.444-453
Yusri, A. Z., & D. (2020). Kajian teori efektivitas Universitas Tribakti Lirboyo Kediri. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(2), 809–820.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Abdul Azis Mustofa, Endang Sutrisno
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
