THE LEGAL PROTECTION OF PATENTS ON PHYTOPHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS IN INDONESIA: CASE STUDIES AND THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v4i12.1160Keywords:
Phytopharmacology, Patents, Distributive Justice, Biopiracy, Harmonization of LawAbstract
Indonesia has great potential in the development of biowealth-based phytopharmaceutical products, considering its rich natural wealth and traditional medicine traditions. This study uses theories of legal utilitarianism, distributive justice, and legal positivism to explore the challenges facing Indonesia, as well as opportunities for more inclusive and adaptive reforms. This analysis employs a normative juridical approach, focusing on the analysis of written laws, regulations, doctrines and legal interpretations related to patent protection for phytopharmaceutic products. This approach enables a thorough understanding of the patent legal framework in Indonesia and its practical implementation. The case study method is used to evaluate several patents registered with the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DJKI). The results show that Indonesia is facing a number of complex legal challenges in the patent registration process, ranging from barriers to novelty criteria and inventive steps to lengthy administrative processes. In addition, Indonesia needs to strengthen its national patent system and intellectual property protection strategies to ensure that local communities benefit fairly from the use of their traditional knowledge. This research could investigate how these mechanisms influence innovation within local communities and their role in fostering sustainable practices.
References
Adinugraha, H. H. (2022). EKONOMI KREATIF: Konsep, Peluang, dan Strategi Pengembangan. Scientist Publishing.
Agustina, G. A. P. E., & Yahya, T. (2022). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Produk Indikasi Geografis dalam Perspektif Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. Hangoluan Law Review, 1(2), 204–213.
Barizah, N. (2021). Access and Benefit Sharing of Biodiversity for Empowering Local Communities; Case Studies in Selected Countries. Review of International Geographical Education Online, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.33403/rigeo.800636
Bhowmick, A., Roy, S. D., & De, M. (n.d.). A BRIEF REVIEW ON THE TURMERIC PATENT CASE WITH ITS IMPLICATIONS ON THE DOCUMENTATION ON THE DOCUMENTATION OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE. NDC E-BIOS, 1.
Cahyadi, I. (2015). Tantangan Internasionalisasi Ukm Di Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean. Kajian, 20(02).
Deshpande, G. (2021). Traditional Knowledge and TWAIL. Indonesian Journal of International Law, 19(3).
Esmail, N., McPherson, J. M., Abulu, L., Amend, T., Amit, R., Bhatia, S., Bikaba, D., Brichieri-Colombi, T. A., Brown, J., Buschman, V., Fabinyi, M., Farhadinia, M., Ghayoumi, R., Hay-Edie, T., Horigue, V., Jungblut, V., Jupiter, S., Keane, A., Macdonald, D. W., … Wintle, B. (2023). What’s on the horizon for community-based conservation? Emerging threats and opportunities. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 38(7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2023.02.008
Fattah, D. (2013). Teori Keadilan Menurut John Rawl. Jurnal TAPIs, 9(2).
Fredriksson, M. (2023). India’s Traditional Knowledge Digital Library and the Politics of Patent Classifications. Law and Critique, 34(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10978-021-09299-7
Gulati, R. (2019). BIOPIRACY, A BIOLOGICAL THEFT? International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ), 5(1). https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.3244
Hanutami, B. N. P., & Budiman, A. (2017). Review Artikel: Penggunaan Teknologi Nano pada Formulasi Obat Herbal. Farmaka, 15(2).
Harahap, N. A., Gaol, I. N. L., Sari, S., & Lubis, P. K. D. (2024). Tantangan Pendaftaran Hak Kekayaan Intelektual bagi UMKM sebagai Pelaku Ekonomi Kreatif Di Kecamatan pancing, Medan, Sumatera Utara. EduTech: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Sosial, 10(1), 90–95.
Hoffmann, W. A. (2016). Benefit-Sharing. In Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics (pp. 246–256). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09483-0_38
Huang, C., Cao, C., & Coreynen, W. (2024). Stronger and more just? Recent reforms of China’s intellectual property rights system and their implications. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 18(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/apjie-04-2023-0081
Irawan, C. (2012). Politik hukum hak kekayaan intelektual Indonesia: Kritik terhadap WTO/TRIPs Agreement dan upaya membangun hukum kekayaan intelektual demi kepentingan nasional. CV. Mandar Maju.
Kreiken, B. E., & Arts, B. J. M. (2024). Disruptive data: How access and benefit-sharing discourses structured ideas and decisions during the Convention on Biological Diversity negotiations over digital sequence information from 2016 to 2022. Global Environmental Change, 87, 102892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102892
Kumar, P., & Sharma, A. (2024). Impact of TKDL on Patent Applications in the Field of Bio-resources and the Associated TK. Journal of Intellectual Property Rights (JIPR), 29(2), 133–140.
Limanto, C. J., Eugenia, F., & Tedjokusumo, D. D. (2024). Tantangan dalam Perlindungan Hukum Desain Industri di Indonesia: Perbandingan Hukum dengan Amerika Serikat, Uni Eropa, dan Jepang. Iuris Studia: Jurnal Kajian Hukum, 5(2), 473–483.
Lin, J., Wu, H. M., & Wu, H. (2021). Could government lead the way? Evaluation of China’s patent subsidy policy on patent quality. China Economic Review, 69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2021.101663
Meyer, C., & Naicker, K. (2023). Collective intellectual property of Indigenous peoples and local communities: Exploring power asymmetries in the rooibos geographical indication and industry-wide benefit-sharing agreement. Research Policy, 52(9). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2023.104851
Patel, A. (2023). Traditional Knowledge, Sustainability, and International Intellectual Property Law: Biopiracy in Patent-Intensive Industries. In Sustainable Boardrooms. Responsible Leadership and Sustainable Management (pp. 115–140). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4837-6_7
Pratiwi, E., Negoro, T., & Haykal, H. (2022). Teori Utilitarianisme Jeremy Bentham: Tujuan Hukum Atau Metode Pengujian Produk Hukum? Jurnal Konstitusi, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1922
Rachmawati, H., Budiputra, D. K., & Mauludin, R. (2015). Curcumin nanoemulsion for transdermal application: Formulation and evaluation. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 41(4). https://doi.org/10.3109/03639045.2014.884127
Rausch, H., Schröder, S., Friedemann, T., Cameron, S., Kuchta, K., & Konrad, M. (2023). History and Present of European Traditional Herbal Medicine (Phytotherapy). In History, Present and Prospect of World Traditional Medicine: In 2 Volumes (Vol. 2). World Scientific. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789811282171_0003
Rusydi, M. (2021). HUKUM DAN MORAL: MENGULIK ULANG PERDEBATAN POSITIVISME HUKUM DAN TEORI HUKUM KODRAT H.L.A HART & LON F. FULLER. AL WASATH Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.47776/alwasath.v2i1.134
Song, Z., Chen, G., & Chen, C. Y.-C. (2024). AI empowering traditional Chinese medicine? Chemical Science, 15(41), 16844–16886.
Su, X. Z., & Miller, L. H. (2015). The discovery of artemisinin and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Science China. Life Sciences, 58(11). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-015-4948-7
Sulistianingsih, D., & Ilyasa, R. M. A. (2022). THE IMPACT OF TRIPS AGREEMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWS IN INDONESIA. Indonesia Private Law Review, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.25041/iplr.v3i2.2579
Tjandrawinata, R. (2020). Konsep Obat Modern Asli Indonesia (OMAI) Dalam Penggunaannya di Fasilitas Kesehatan Formal. Jurnal Perspective, 33(2). https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12367331
Udgaonkar, S. (2002). The recording of traditional knowledge: Will it prevent “bio-piracy”? Current Science, 82(4).
Wang, J., Guo, Y., & Li, G. L. (2016). Current Status of Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9123103
Wang, W. Y., Zhou, H., Wang, Y. F., Sang, B. S., & Liu, L. (2021). Current Policies and Measures on the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China. Pharmacological Research, 163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105187
Wiradirja, I. R. (2013). Konsep Perlindungan Pengetahuan Tradisional Berdasarkan Asas Keadilan Melalui Sui Generis Intellectual Property System. Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum, 2(20), 163–185.
Xia, N. (2023a). Intellectual property protection for traditional medical knowledge in China’s context: A round peg in a square hole? Medical Law Review, 31(3). https://doi.org/10.1093/medlaw/fwad006
Xia, N. (2023b). The domestic struggle for traditional medical knowledge rights. Developing World Bioethics, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12354
Zhang, Q., Wu, C., Ai, X., Huang, M., Zheng, B., Li, Y., Zhang, S., Yao, L., Wang, J., & Tang, Y. (2023). Study on the synergistic development of TCM service trade within the GBA. Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhip.2023.12.002
Zheng, W. rong, Li, E. chang, Peng, S., & Wang, X. shang. (2020). Tu Youyou winning the Nobel Prize: Ethical research on the value and safety of traditional Chinese medicine. Bioethics, 34(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.12456
Zhou, E., Shen, Q., & Hou, Y. (2024). Integrating artificial intelligence into the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine industry: a review. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1181183
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Raymond R. Tjandrawinata, Henry Soelistyo Budi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
