The
world has entered Industrial Era 4.0, marked by widespread internet
connectivity and the fusion of computer and internet technologies, enabling the
emergence of electronic services (e-Services)
E-government
in Indonesia was initiated based on the Presidential Instruction of the
Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2001 concerning the Development and
Utilization of Telematics in Indonesia to optimize the use of Telematics for
community empowerment based on the Policy Framework for the Development and
Utilization of Telematics in Indonesia
Local
governments are required to provide effective public services to create success
under democratic principles, namely from the people, by the people and for the
people; each central and local government agency must prepare a strategic plan
for the development of E-Government in their respective environments
The
implementation of e-government of the local government of Cirebon Regency based
on Regional Regulation Number 12 of 2018 concerning the Implementation of
Information and Communication Technology-Based Government, in article 7
paragraph (1) to support the implementation of information and communication
technology-based government, the Regent through the Regional Apparatus Work
Unit which has the authority to carry out regional development planning and the
Office to prepare a Master Plane-government which contains standardization and
general planning in the implementation of e-government within the Regional
Government.
Kebarepan Village, Plumbon
District, Cirebon Regency, is one of the villages that has begun to implement
the e-government system through the use of village websites as a means of
information, transparency of APBDes, village articles
and village agendas. Based on statistical data on the number of visitors to the
village website, visitors every day reached an average of 142 visitors from a
total of 70,982 visitors. Judging from the statistics above, it can be said
that Kebarepan villagers are still few who know about
the existence of this village website, only about 0.2% every day of the total
visitors.
Based
on the aforementioned data, it is evident that the implementation of
e-government in Kebarepan Village, Plumbon District, Cirebon Regency has not been fully
optimized. This is indicated by (1) insufficient socialization regarding the
introduction of the village website, (2) several unimplemented functions of the
village website, notably the online complaint function, and (3) ineffective
management of the village website, including irregular updates of village
information such as legal products, APBDes
transparency, village articles, and agendas. The onset of the Fourth Industrial
Revolution, characterized by significant technological advancements,
particularly in internet technologies, has led to the widespread adoption of
electronic services (e-Services) globally. This digital transformation has catalyzed the establishment of e-government systems, where
governments utilize information and communication technologies to enhance their
interactions with citizens
Prior
studies have explored various aspects of e-government implementation, shedding
light on factors influencing success or failure. For example, research by Guo
The
proposed research seeks to fill this gap by examining the effectiveness of
village website management in facilitating e-government implementation. By analyzing the website management process and identifying
obstacles encountered in the implementation process, the study aims to provide
insights that can inform policy and practice. Drawing on previous research and
building upon it, the study endeavors to offer
practical recommendations for enhancing e-government initiatives at the local
level. Through empirical investigation and data analysis, the research aims to
contribute to the optimization of e-government practices in Kebarepan
Village, Plumbon District, and Cirebon Regency,
ultimately fostering better governance and citizen engagement.
METHODS
This
research uses qualitative descriptive research methods or naturalistic methods
to explore information about website management to implement e-government in Kebarepan Village. The object of research includes the
management of village websites and the factors that hinder the process.
Research informants consist of key informants, namely the Village Head and
Secretary of Kebarepan Village, and supporting
informants, namely residents of Kebarepan Village.
Data collection techniques include literature studies and field studies using
observation, interviews, and documentation. To ensure the validity of the data,
this study used triangulation techniques, which utilize other data sources
outside the main data to verify and compare information. Data analysis is
carried out with descriptive techniques, including data reduction, data
presentation, verification, and concluding
RESULTS
A new program can be effective if, in the
implementation process, existing resources and the efficiency of process stages
are utilized as benchmarks for effectiveness. Efficiency is the ratio between
output and input, namely the application of new ways to increase productivity.
To determine the effectiveness of Kebarepan Village website management, it is necessary to
measure the program's effectiveness, which has dimensions and parameters.
In
determining the success of a program, careful planning is certainly needed by
taking into account existing aspects. Determining the goals to be achieved or
what will be produced is the foundation for the implementation of a program or
activity. Based on observations and interviews with informants, the main
purpose of the village website is to provide information to villagers about the
agenda of Kebarepan Village Government activities,
the latest information on village articles and APBDes
transparency through the portal or website of the Kebarepan
Village government in real time anytime and anywhere.
A
program certainly cannot be implemented without the intervention of its Human
Resources. The performance of village equipment determines that a program can
run effectively by utilizing the available time. The performance of the Village
Apparatus also determines the success of the program. With clear duties and
functions, this determines the extent of the employee's responsibility. Based
on the results of observations and interviews conducted by researchers that in
the management of this village website where the village website management
admin has his main duties and functions as the Head of Planning Affairs, so the
management of the website becomes hampered due to the responsibility of the
admin as Head of Planning Affairs which certainly prioritizes his main job.
Goals
are specific targets that need to be achieved. By setting goals, a program is
determined as the first step in forming a framework or planning a program,
which further determines the success of the program.
In
order to achieve the objectives of a program, there must be clear targets or
objectives in order to determine the success of a program. A program is said to
be successful if the recipient's needs are met and can be said to fail if there
is no feedback from the recipient. Based on the results of observations and
interviews conducted with this village website, villagers began to be able to
obtain village information easily about the latest village news, although there
are still many people who are unfamiliar with the village website.
The
introduction of a program to program recipients determines the success of the
goals. Citizen participation in village programs is the main thing that needs
to be considered in the success of targets that are input to a program. With
socialization, the community can learn about the program's existence, which can
stimulate program development. Based on observations and interviews conducted
by researchers the Village Government has carried out no socialization
regarding the village website; villagers know the existence of the village
website only through word of mouth not from official socialization carried out
by the Kebarepan Village Government.
A
program is created based on the needs of the service recipient. The program is
also made to fulfill service recipient satisfaction.
In meeting the expectations of program recipients, the right planning
foundation is needed.
The
management of a program or activity requires a policy basis that is regulated
so carefully. With the policy issued, of course, the management process becomes
more focused, starting from planning to the evaluation process, which is
regulated on the basis of the policy, which also determines the success of the
program. The program governance policy also regulates the series of policies,
plans, processes, and rules used during program implementation. Based on the
results of observations and interviews conducted by researchers, the Kebarepan Village Government does not yet have its own
policy basis for determining village website governance so the basis of village
website governance policy is still based on the centre, namely following the
policy of Cirebon Regent Regulation Number 85 of 2020 concerning
Electronic-Based Government System Governance in Cirebon Regency.
A
program is made with a specific purpose, one of which is to improve the quality
of public services in an area. The success of a program affects the quality of
public services if the program is designed for the needs of public service
recipients or the community. Based on observations and interviews conducted by
researchers the existence of a village website has not influenced or improved
the quality of public services in Kebarepan Village
because the Kebarepan Village website itself was only
created to provide information about the village not for public services.
Utilization
of existing resources is one of the inputs needed in implementing and managing
the program. This is a supporting factor for the program's success, the
achievement of program objectives, and the program's sustainability in the form
of outputs produced.
Advice
and infrastructure are the main things that support the implementation and
implementation process and supporting indicators for the program's success.
With adequate facilities and infrastructure, achieving goals is faster because
no obstacles slow down the process of achieving goals and the accuracy of
program success. Based on observations and interviews conducted by researchers,
facilities and infrastructure in managing village websites have supported such
as adequate internet networks and computers that support the storage of website
databases.
It is
not only facilities and infrastructure; the system that is directed in website management
is a crucial thing that must be considered in website management. Systems not
only concern the operation of networks and databases, they also concern
organizing, supervising, developing human resources, and directing. In another
sense, the system concerns not only existing facilities and infrastructure but
also human resources. Based on observations and interviews conducted by
researchers, the website management system based on this central regulation is
still not running optimally due to several obstacles regarding the website
database system and human resources itself.
CONCLUSION
Based
on the study results, it can be concluded that the management of village
websites for implementing e-government in Kebarepan
Village, Plumbon District, Cirebon Regency, is still ineffective.
This is due to the overlapping tasks and functions of village equipment and the
website management system not running optimally due to a lack of human
resources and system maintenance constraints from the center.
Nonetheless, the goals and focus of service recipients have been well defined,
and the legal basis underlying the village website has been well implemented.
Obstacles in managing village websites include lacking human resources, system
constraints from central renewal, and a lack of socialization among villagers.
Efforts that have been made to overcome these obstacles include reporting
system problems to the center, reactivating admins,
and submitting admin training to the Cirebon Regency Government. As a
suggestion, it is necessary to place or add employees with clear duties and
functions to overcome overlaps in village website management, more intense
socialization to villagers, and expansion of village website functions to
improve the quality of public services in Kebarepan
Village.
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Copyright holder: Septien Dwi
Savandha, Adelia Azzahra (2024) |
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First publication rights: International
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