Attribution- ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY SA 4.0)

Vol. 03, No. 11, November 2023

e - ISSN : 2807-8691 | p- ISSN : 2807-839X

IJSSR!Page%2811

!""#$%&&'()*(+,&-.*/0122&)3$$+*45)--*6267

This%work%is%licensed%under%a%Attribution-ShareAlike%4.0%International%(CC%BY-SA%4.0)

Comparison*of*the*Value*of*Welfare*Principles*in*National*

Law*and*Islamic*Law*!

Paris!Manalu

,!Sugianto

,!Andi!Lala

Graduate%Student%Program%of%Syekh%Nurjati%State%Islamic%Institute%Cirebon%

Professors%of%the%Postgraduate%Program%of%the%State%Islamic%Institute%of%Syekh%Nurjati%Cirebon%

Lecturers%of%Balongan%Indramayu%Institute%of%Petroleum%Technology%

Email:%[email protected]%%

Keywords%

ABSTRACT%

Law,%Welfare,%Principle%Values%

The$welfare$state$does$not$only$include$ways$of$organising$welfare$

or$ social$ services$ but$ also$ emphasises$ that$ every$ person$ receives$

social$services$as$a$right.$The$polarisation$of$the$main$objectives$of$

the$ welfare$ state$ is$ formulated,$ which$ is$ essentially$ intended$ to$

determine$ indicators$ as$ measuring$ tools$ in$ assessing$ whether$

society$ is$ prosperous$ or$ not.$ Talking$ about$the$concept$of$a$legal$

state,$Islam,$as$a$perfect$religion,$also$has$a$concept$of$statehood.$

The$approach$method$in$this$research$is$norm ative$legal$research$

(normative$juridical).$The$type$of$research$used$in$this$research$is$

descriptive$research.$The$data$sources$obtained$ from$the$author$are$

data$ sources$ for$ primary$ legal$ materials$ and$ secondary$ legal$

materials.$ The$ data$ collection$ method$ used$ in$ this$ research$ is$ a$

literature$study.$The$data$analysis$method$used$in$this$research$is$

qualitative.$ The$ results$ of$ social$ welfare$ that$ are$ currently$

developing$show$that$there$are$citizens$whose$rights$to$their$basic$

needs$have$not$been$fulfilled$properly$by$the$state.$As$a$result,$there$

are$still$citizens$who$experience$obstacles$in$the$implementation$of$

their$social$functions$and$are$unab le $to$ live$ a$ life$ in$ a$ decent$ and$

dignified$manner.$Islam$is$not$just$a$religion$that$contains$a$set$of$

ritual$ doctrines,$ but$ Islam$ is$ a$ holistic$ worldview$ that$ is$

comprehensive$and$systematic.$Islam$as$al-din$covers$all$aspects$of$

human$life,$including$state$and$legal$aspects.7

!INTRODUCTION)!

Indonesia%is%a%country%of%law,%and%this%has%been%explained%in%Article%1,%paragraph%(3)%of%the%1945%

Constitution,%which%states:%The% State%of%Indonesia%is%a% country%of%law.%This%is%based%on%the%explanation%of%

the%1945%Constitution%that%the%Indonesian%state%is%based%on%law%(rule%of%law)%and%is%not%based%on%power%

alone%(power%state).%The%state%must%not%carry%out%its%activities%based%on%mere%power%but%must%be%based%

on%law.%In%Indonesia,%the%government's%regulations%on%the%people%are%based%on%State%Administrative%Law.%

Some% interactions% in% society% are%positive,% and %some% are% negative.% Positive% interactions% cause%

positive%things%for%the%surrounding%community,%while%negative%interactions%cause%damage%that%impacts%

society%as%well.%So,%in%this%case,%the%need%for%a%state%(Constitution)%to%regulate%human%life%is%very%urgent.%

The%function%of%the%state%to%regulate%human%life%is%in%the%form%of%a%regulation%or%law,%both%written%and%

unwritten.%Besides%functioning%as%a%regulator,%this%law%is%also%a%tool%to%coerce,%and%limit%the%behavior%of%

its%people%and%provide%sanctions%against%violators.%This%law%(Constitution)%must%also%be%flexible%with%

developments%over%time.%

The%importance%of%law%in%state%life%is%to%manage%and%regulate%all%social%life.%Without%law,%humans%

would%be%messy%and%directionless,%and%crime%in%the%world%would%be%rampant.%So,%the%importance%of%law%

in%this%case%is%very%urgent,%both%in%social,%state,%and%religious%life.%In%this%case,%Islam%views%the%state%as%not%

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only%related%to%world%interests,%but%the%aim%of%establishing%the%state%in%forming%laws%aims%to%preserve%

religion,%soul,%reason,%offspring,%and%property.%

Considering% that% the% Shari'a%does% not% provide% standard% rules% regarding% political%systems% and%

government,%Muslims%must%try%to%bring%out%the%legal%values%contained%in%the%Shari'a%so%that%the%most%

likely%formulation%can%be%found%to%translate%these%values%into%the%life%of%the%nation%and%state.%In%discussing%

the%state,%there%is%no%agreed%definition%of%the%state.%However,%in%general,%it%can%be%used%as%a%guideline%-%as%

is% commonly% known% in% international% law,% a% state% usually% has% three% main% elements,% namely% (1)% The%

existence%of%a%people%(2).%The%existence%of%territory%(3).%The%existence%of%a%sovereign%government.%The%

meaning% of% the% state% is% not% only% based% on% a% social% agreement% (social% contract)% but% also% the% basis% of%

humans%as%God's%caliphs%who%carry%out%His%authority%and%mandate.%In%carrying%out%this% life,%humans%must%

comply%with%His%commandments%to%achieve%prosperity%in%this%world%and%the%hereafter.%Thus,%in%general,%

it%can%be%interpreted%that%humans%must%always%pay%attention%to%and%implement%the%commandments%of%

ma'ruf%and%evil,%meaning%that%humans%must%do%good%and%prevent%damage.%

Talking% about% the% concept% of% a% legal% state,% Islam,% as% a% perfect% religion,% also% has% a% concept% of%

statehood.% On% the% conceptual% plane,% in% line% with% scientific% developments% among% Muslims,% thinking%

regarding%the%state%system%also%developed.%This%thought,%in%scientific%conception,%is%formulated%as%Islamic%

politics,%al-Siyasah%al-Syar'iyyah,%or%referred%to%in%al-Mawardi's%theory%asal-Ahkam%al-Sulthaniyyah.%This%

conception%attempts%to%reflect%efforts% to%find%an%intellectual%basis%for%the%function%and%role%of%the%state%or%

government%as%an%instrumental%factor%in%fulfilling%the%interests%and%welfare%of%society,%both%physically%

and%mentally.%

METHODS%

This% research% approach% is% normative% legal% research% (Yadnya% &% Wibawa,% 2020).% Soerjono%

Soekanto% defines% normative% legal% research% as% a% literature% examination% (Soekanto,% 2009)% which% will%

obtain%information%relating%to%the%values%and%principles%of%w elfare%for%the%wider%community%in%a%country,%

both%in%terms%of%national%law%and%Islamic%law.%The%type%of%research%used%in%this%research%is%descriptive%

research% to% clearly%describe% various% things% related% to%the% object% under%study,% namely% describing%the%

urgency%of%the%principles%and%values%of%the%welfare%of%the%rule%of%law%so%as%to%give%rise%to%the%values%of%

justice%both%in%national%law%and%Islamic%law%in%Indonesia.%The%data%sources%obtained%from%the%author%are%

data%sources%for%primary%legal%materials%and%secondary%legal%materials.%The%data%collection%method%used%

in%this%research%is%a%literature%study.%The%data%analysis%method%used%in%this%research%is%qualitative.%

RESULTS%

A. The!Concept!of!the!State!in!General!and!Islam%

The%state%is%an%association%that%carries%out%order%in%a%society%in%a%region%based%on%a%legal%

system%organised%by%a%government,%which,%for%this%purpose,%is%given%coercive%power.%According%to%

Meriam%Budiaharjo,%the%state%has%two%tasks.%First,%controlling%and%regulating%asocial%phenomena%of%

power,% namely,% those% that% conflict% with% each% other,% so% that% they% do% not% become% dangerous%

antagonisms.%Second,%organising%and%integrating%human%activities%and%groups%towards%achieving%

the%goals%of%society.%

Therefore,%the%state%has%coercive,%monopolistic,%and%all-encompassing%characteristics%(all-

encompassing,%all-embracing).% What% is% called% a% state% must,% of% course,% have%several%elements%that%

must%exist%in%a%state,%which%include%territory,%population,%and%government.%The%goal%of%every%country%

is%to%create%happiness%for%its%people.%According%to%Harold%J.%Laski,%a%political%expert,%the%function%and%

purpose%of%a%state%are%the”%creation%of%those%conditions%under%which%the%members%of%the%state%may%

attain%the%maximum%satisfaction%of%their%desire”.%

Meanwhile,%in%the%historical%context%of%the%practice%of%countries%so%far,%there%are%several%

types%of%rules%of% law,%namely,%the%police%state%(police%state),%liberal%legal% state,%formal%legal%state,%and%

material%legal%state.%Franz%Magnis%Suseno%saw%that%the%state%should%run%by%using%law%as%a%guide,%seen%

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from%a%political%and%moral%perspective,%because%it%will%have%several%ethical%arguments,%namely,%for%

the%sake%of%legal%certainty,%demands%for%equal%treatment,%democratic%legitimacy,%and%demands%of%

reason.%

The% objectives% of% the% Indonesian% state% are% as% intended% in% the% Preamble% to% the% 1945%

Constitution,%namely:%

"To%protect%the%entire%Indonesian%nation%and%all%of%Indonesia's%bloodshed%and%to%promote%

general%welfare,%educate%the%life%of%the%nation,%and%participate%in%implementing%world%order%based%

on%independence,%eternal%peace%and%social%justice%based%on:%Belief%in%the%Almighty%God,%just% and%

civilised% humanity,% unity% Indonesia,% and% the% people% who% are% led% by% wisdom% in% representative%

deliberations%and%by%realising%social%justice%for%all%Indonesian%people."%

!A%leading%Islamic%scholar%who%formulated%the%concept%of%a%modern%Islamic%state,%namely%

Rasyid%Rida,%stated%that%the%main%premise%of%the%concept%of%an%Islamic%state%is%sharia.%According%to%

them,%Sharia%is%the%highest%source%of%law.%In%Rasyid%Ridho's%view,%Sharia%must%require%the%assistance%

of%power%for%the%purpose%of%implementing%it,%and%it%is%only%possible%to%implement%Islamic%law%with%

the%existence%of%an%Islamic%State.%Therefore,%the%application%of%Islamic%law%is%the%only%main%criterion%

that%determines%the%difference%between%an%Islamic%country%and%a%non-Islamic%country.%

In%the%relationship%between%religion%and%the%state,%religion%occupies%an%important%position%

as%a%truth%that%must%be%realised%and%become%the%basis%for%a%country's%development.%Religion%has%four%

roles%in%a%country:%religion%as%a%unifying%factor,%religion%as%a%driver%of%the%success%of%the%political%

process%and%power,%religion% as%the% legitimacy%of% the%political%system,% and%religion% as%a%source%of%

morality.%

Maududi%conceptualised%two%goals% of%the%state%in%Islam.%First,%uphold%justice%in%human%life,%

stop%injustice%and%destroy%arbitrariness.%Second,%enforce%the%system%regarding%establishing%prayers%

and%issuing% zakat% through% all% the% power%and% methods% owned%by%the%government.% A% system% that%

forms% the% most% important% corner% of% Islamic% life% so% that% the% state% spreads% goodness% and%

righteousness%and%orders%what%is%virtuous,%as%the%main%goal%of%Islam's%arrival%into%the%world.%Apart%

from%that,%the%state%must%cut%the%roots%of%evil%and%prevent%evil,%which%is%something%that%Allah%most%

hates.%

Meanwhile,%Fazlur%Rahman%believes%that%an%Islamic%state%is%a%state%founded%or%inhabited%

by%Muslims%to%fulfil%their%desire%to%carry%out%Allah's%commands%through%His%revelation.%Regarding%

how% to% implement% state% administration,% Fazlur% Rahman% did% not% format% it% rigidly,% but% the% most%

important% element% that% must% be% had% is% shura'% as% the% basis.% With% the% existence% of% the% Shura%

institution,%ijtihad%is%certainly%needed%from%all%competent%parties.%Thus,%said%Fazlur%Rahman,%it%is%

possible% that% between% one% Islamic% country% and% another% Islamic% country,% the% implementation% of%

Islamic%sharia%will%be%different%because%it%depends%on%the%results%of%the%ijtihad%of%the%mujtahids%in%

the%country%concerned.%

The% Islamic% State% has% the% aim% of% maintaining% the% safety% and% integrity% of% the% state,%

maintaining%the%implementation%of%law%and%order,%and%developing%the%state.%In%Islam,%the%state%has%

the% role% of% maintaining% religion,% taking% care% of% the% people,% maintaining% security% and%safety,% and%

maintaining%harmony%with%other%religions.%The%state%also%plays%a%role%in%realising%the%beliefs%and%

values%of%Islamic%teachings%as%well%as%carrying%out%the%role%of%the%caliphate,%which%brings% prosperity%

and%security,%in%contrast%to%secularism,%which% ignores%religion%and%separates%the%state%from%religious%

rules.%The%state%will%interfere%in%religious%matters%if%there%is%something%that%could%be%detrimental%to%

the%state.%

Other%figures,%such%as%Muhammad%Imarah,%also%emphasised%that%Islam%is%both%a%religion%

and%a%system%of%government.%F urthermore,%he%explained%that%in%the%secular%(Western)%sect,%there%is%

a% separation% between% religion% and% the% state.% Meanwhile,% Islam% holds% the% view% that% there% is% a%

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relationship% between%faith,%sharia,%religion,%and%government%(dawah).%Islam%is%not%a%purely%spiritual%

message.%Government%in%Islam%is%very%different%from%the%understanding%in%Western%thought.%

B. The!Value!of!the!Principles!of!State!Welfare!in!National!Law!and!Islamic!Law%

The%development%of%social%welfare%is%an%embodiment%of%efforts%to%achieve%the%nation's%goals%

as%mandated%in%the%1945%Constitution%of%the%Republic%of%Indonesia.%The%fifth%principle%of%Pancasila%

states%that%social%justice%is%for%all%Indonesian%people,%and%the%Preamble%to%the%1945%Constitution%of%

the% Republic% of% Indonesia% mandates% the% state% to% protect% the% entire% Indonesian% nation% and% all% of%

Indonesia's% bloodshed,% advancing% general% welfare,% making% the% nation's% life% intelligent,% and%

participating%in%implementing%world%order%based%on%independence,%eternal%peace,%and%social%justice.%

The%welfare%state%theory%was%introduced%by%Spicker,%who%defined%the%welfare%state%as%a%

social%welfare%system%that%gives%a%greater%role%to%the%state%(government)%in%allocating%a%portion%of%

public%funds%to%ensure%the%fulfilment%of%the%basic%needs%of%its%citizens.%The%welfare%state%is%intended%

to%provide%social%services%for%all%its%residents%as%best%and%wherever%possible.%In%a%concept%of%a%state%

based% on% law,% the% law% must% be% seen% functionally% so% that,% in% the% end,% the% law% is% understood% or%

understood%as%a%collection%of%values%for%state%and%social%life.%These%good%values%are%then%used%as%input%

for%the%implementation%of%state%administration,%in%this%case,%related%to%the%making%of%policies%in%the%

field%of%law%(Asep%et%al.,%2008).%Indonesia%has%chosen%the%rule%of%law%(welfare%state)%as%the%form%of%

the%state.%

The%substance%of%the%welfare%state%concept%is%that%the%state%is%obliged%to%provide%welfare%to%

its%people%by%providing%services,%facilities,%and%infrastructure%for%the%community.%All%basic%needs%of%

society,%such%as%education%and%health%services,%are%the%duty%and%responsibility%of%the%state,%and%the%

reflection% or% symbol% of% a% country% with% independent% status% is% the% Government,% in% this% case,%

represented%by%the%President.%In%this%way,%the%Government,%in%accordance%with%the%state%constitution,%

has%the%authority%and%function%to%realise%general%welfare,%as%intended%in%the%Preamble%to%the%1945%

Constitution%of%the%Republic%of%Indonesia.%The%Government%will,%of%course,%be%consistent%and%strive%

to% provide% respect,% protection,% and%fulfilment% of% the% rights%to% the% basic% needs%of% its%citizens.% The%

Government% must% carry% out% this% effort% as% a% top% priority% by% grounding% the% universal% values% of%

Pancasila,% such% as% social% equality% and% justice,% which% are% the% spirit% of% welfare% development.% The%

government%must%be%based%on%a%welfare%state%approach%that%prioritises%empowerment%and%social%

protection.%

Before%explaining%how%M.%Tahir%Azhary%thinks%about%the%general%principles%of%the%rule%of%

law%in%Islam,%firstly,%it%needs%to%be%stated%that%the%principles%of%the%rule%of%law%in%Islam%used%in%this%

description% are% the% term% "Islamic% Nomocracy"% used% by% M.% Tahir% Azhary% in% his% writing% which%

discusses%the%concept%of%the%rule%of%law%from%an%Islamic%perspective,%one%of%which%is%the%principle%of%

welfare.%

The% word% "principle"% in% the% Big% Indonesian% Dictionary% is% defined% as% "foundation"% or%

"principle"%(the%truth%that%is%the%basis%for%thinking,%acting%and%so%on).%In%this%way,%what%is%meant%by%

principles%in%this%description%are%the%basics%or%principles%of%fundamental%truth,%instructions% for%moral%

regulations%contained%in%a%teaching%that%serves%as%a%basis%for%human%thinking,%acting,%and%behaving%

in%managing%a%country.%

According%to%M.%Tahir%Azhary,%the%principle%of%welfare%in%Islamic%nomocracy%aims%to%realise%

social%justice%and%economic%justice%for%all%members%of%society%or%the%people.%State%administrators%and%

society%bear%this%task.%The%meaning%of%social%justice%in%Islamic%nomocracy%is%not%just%about%fulfilling%

material%or%material%needs%but%also%includes%fulfilling%the%spiritual%needs%of%all%people.%The%state%is%

obliged%to%pay%attention%to%these%two%types%of%needs%and%provide%social%security%for%those%who%lack%

or% cannot% afford% it.% The% Qur'an% has% determined% several% sources% of% funds% for% social% security% for%

members%of%society%guided%by%the%principles%of%social%justice%for%members%of%society%guided%by%the%

principles% of% social% justice% and% economic% justice.% These% sources% of% funds% include% zakat,% infaq,%

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sadaqah,%grants% and%waqf,% without%covering%the% possibility%of% state%revenues%from% other%sources,%

such%as%taxes,%duties,%etc.%

In%Islamic%nomocracy,%social%justice%and%economic%justice%are%intended%to%prevent%hoarding%

and%wealth%in%the%hands%of%a%person%or%group%of%people%or%group%of%people%while%other%members%of%

society%experience%poverty.%One%of%Islam's%missions%is%to%fight%poverty,%at%least%eliminating%the%gap%

between%underprivileged%people.%

To%realise%this%principle%of%prosperity,%which%in%the%Qur'an%is%formulated%with%the%words%

"baldatun%thaybatun%warabun%ghafur",% namely%a%prosperous% country% brought% by%Allah's%blessing.%

The%state%is%obliged%to%regulate%and%allocate%sufficient%funds%for%social%security%purposes%for%those%

who% need% it.% Social% security% includes% unemployment% benefits,% parental% benefits% (people% of%

retirement% age),% scholarships% for% those% studying% science% and% so% on.% The% state% is% also% obliged% to%

provide%facilities%for%worship,%education,%orphanages,%hospitals%and%so%on.%

In% Islamic% nomocracy,% there% is% only% one% motivation% for% implementing% the% principle% of%

welfare,%namely%the%Islamic%doctrine%of%"hablun%min%Allah%wa%hablun%min%al-nas",%namely%the%aspect%

of%worship%and%mua'malah.%In%other%words,%the%realisation%of%the%principle%of%welfare%is%solely%aimed%

at%realising%social%justice%in%society%in%accordance%with%the%commands%of%Allah%SWT.%

In% contrast% to% Western% countries,% the% implementation% of% social% welfare% has% a% dual%

motivation,%for%example,%social%security%for%company%workers.% In%terms%of%allowances,%it%is%driven%by%

the%interests%of%the%company's%establishment%because%it%wants%to%protect%its%capital.%This%allowance%

is%intended%as%an%incentive%for%workers%to%increase%their%productivity.%In%other%words,%the%allowance%

has%a%positive%effect% on%the%company.%Viewed%from%the%perspective%of%workers'%interests,%people%will%

judge% that% the% allowance% contains% humanitarian% motivation.% However,% the% first% motivation% is%

dominant%because%the%capitalist%economic%system%always%prioritises%the%interests%of%their%capital.%

Even% if% social% security% must% be% given,% the% calculation% of% company% profits% and% losses% must% be%

addressed.%

CONCLUSION!

The%development%of%social%welfare%today%shows%that%there%are%citizens%whose%rights%to%their%basic%

needs%have%not%been%fulfilled%properly%by%the%state.%As%a%result,%there%are%still%citizens%who%experience%

obstacles%in%the%implementation%of%their%social%functions%and%are%unable%to%live%a%life%in%a%decent%and%

dignified% manner.% Therefore,%an% understanding% of%the% most%important% value%in% the% world%of% law%has%

emerged,% namely,% to% understand% the% concept% of% legal% position% in% realising% an% ideal% legal% system% in%

Indonesia%so%that%the%welfare%state%context%can%be%realised.%

The% state% also% plays% a% role% in% realising% the% beliefs% and% values% in% Islamic% teachings,% including%

carrying%out%the%role%of%the%caliphate,%which%brings%prosperity%and%security.%Islam%is%not%just%a%religion%

that% contains% a% set% of% ritual% doctrines,% but% Islam% is% a% holistic% worldview% that% is% comprehensiv e% and%

systematic.%Islam%asfrom%covers%all%aspects%of%human%life,%including%state%and%legal%aspects.%One%of%the%

principles%in% a%legal% state%based% on%Islam% (Islamic%nomocracy)%is%the%principle% of%welfare,% where%this%

principle%has%values%and%is%absolute%and%has%eternal%and%universal%validity.%The%principle%of%welfare%in%

an%Islamic%legal%state%(Islamic%nomocracy)%is%relevant%to%the%Indonesian%constitution%because%the%basic%

principles%contained% in% Islamic%nomocracy% are%deliberation,%justice,%free% justice,%protection%of% human%

rights,%obedience%of%the%people,%equality,%and%constitutional%freedom.%

REFERENCES%

Amiruddin%M%Hasbi,%2000.%Konsep%Negara%Islam%Menurut%Fazlurrahman,%Yogyakarta:%UII%Press%

Asghar%Ali%Engineer,%2000,%Devolusi%Negara%Islam,%Yogyakarta:%Pustaka%Pelajar%

C%S%T%Kansil,%Hukum%Tata%Negara%Republik%Indonesia,%Bina%Aksara,%Jakarta,%1986,%halaman%86.%Ridwan%H%

R,%Hukum%Administrasi%Negara,%Raja%Grafindo%Persada,%Jakarta,%2011%

International!Journal!of!Social!Service!and!Research%% https://ijssr.ridwaninstitute.co.id/%

IJSSR!Page%2816%

Cecep% Supriadi,% jurnal% Vol.% 13,% No.% 1,% Maret% 2015% Relasi% Islam% dan% Negara:% Wacana% Keislaman% dan%

Keindonesiaan%

Fazlurrahman,1988.%Cita-cita%Islam,%Bandung:%Pustaka%Pelajar%

Franz%Magnis%Suseno,%Etika%Politik%Prinsip-Prinsip%Moral%Dasar%Kenegaraan%Modern,%(Gramedia%Pustaka%

Utama,%Jakarta,%1999)%

Harjono,2009.Legitimasi%Perubahan%Konstitusi%Kajian%Terhadap%UUD%1945.%Yogyakarta:Pustaka%Pelajar%

Jazim%Hamidi,%Teori%dan%Politik%Hukum%Tata%Negara,%Yogyakarta:%Total%Media,%2009%

Jeje% Abdul% Rojak,% 1999.% Politik% Kenegaraan,% Pemikiran-pemikaran% % Al-ghazali% % dan% ibnu% Taimiyah,%

Surabaya%

Marsudi% Dedi% Putra,% Negara% Kesejahteraan% (Welfare% State)% dalam% Perspektif% Pancasila% 139% Negara%

Kesejahteraan% (Welfare% State)% dalam% Perspektif% Pancasila,% Fakultas% Hukum% Universitas%

Wisnuwardhana%Malang,%LIKHITAPRAJNA%Jurnal%Ilmiah,%Volume%23,%Nomor%2,%September%2021%

p-ISSN:%1410-8771,%e-ISSN:%2580-4812%%

Melisa,%dkk.,%Kedudukan%Hukum%dalam%Mewujudkan%Keadilan%dan%Kesejahteraan%di%Indonesia%dalam%

MANHAJ%(Jurnal% Hukum% dan% Pranata% Sosial% Islam),% Volume% 5% Number% 1% (2023)% January-June%

2023%Page:%241-254%E-ISSN:%2686-4819%P-ISSN:%2686-1607%DOI:%10.37680/almanhaj.v5i1.2084%

Mirriam% Budiardjo,% Dasar-Dasar% Ilmu% Politik,% (PT% Gramedia% Pustaka% Utama,% Jakarta,% Cetakan%

Keduapuluh%enam,%2004)%hal.%39.%Lihat%pula,%Djoko%Sutono,%Ilmu%Negara,%dihimpun%oleh%Harun%

Alrasid,%(Ghalia%Indonesia,%Jakarta,%1982)%

Muhammad%Rusli,%2017.%Ushul%Fiqih%I.%Lampung:%Fakultas%Syariah%IAIN%Raden%Intan%

Muhammad%Tahir%Azhari,2004,Negara%Hukum%Suatu%Studi%tentang%Prinsip-Prinsipnya%Dilihat%Dari%Segi%

Hukum%Islam,%Implementasinya%Pada%Priode%Madinah%dan%Masa%Kini,%Jakarta:%Kencana%

Muhammad%Tahir%Azhary,%2003.Negara%Hukum,%Jakarta:%Prenada%media%group%

Muhammad%Tahir%Azhary,%Negara%Hukum,%Jakarta:%Prenada%media%group,%2003%

Musdah%Mulia,%2001.%Negara%Islam:%Pemikiran%Politik%Husain%Haikal,%Jakarta:%Paramadina%

Ni’matul%Huda,%Negara%Hukum,%Demokrasi%dan%Judicial%Review,%(UII%Press,%Yogjakarta,%2005)%

Tim% penyusun% Kamus% Pusat% Pembinaan% dan% Pengembangan% Bahasa% Indonesia,% kamus% Besar% bahasa%

Indonesia,%Jakarta:%Balai%Pustaka,%1989%

Tim% Srikandi,% UUD% 1945% dan% Amandemennya,% UUD% 1945% Amandemen% ke% 1-4,% UUD% 1945% Sebelum%

Amandemen% dan% Penjelasannya,% Butir-butir% Pancasila% Piagam% Jakarta% dan% Kabinet% Indonesia%

Bersatu,%(Srikandi,%Jakarta,%2006)%

(2023)

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